How does acid rain affect aquatic ecosystems?

Acid rain has a significant detrimental effect on aquatic ecosystems, primarily due to its ability to lower the pH of water bodies. When acid rain falls into lakes, rivers, and streams, it can cause the pH of the water to become more acidic, disrupting the delicate balance that many aquatic organisms require for survival.

Many species of fish and other aquatic life, such as amphibians and crustaceans, are sensitive to changes in pH levels. A decrease in pH can lead to toxic conditions that impair the growth, reproduction, and survival rates of these organisms. For example, fish eggs may not hatch successfully in highly acidic conditions, and adult fish may struggle to thrive. As a result, the overall health and populations of sensitive species are negatively impacted, which can lead to decreased biodiversity in aquatic ecosystems.

The other options do not accurately reflect the impact of acid rain. An increase in fish population and enhanced biodiversity would imply a healthy ecosystem, which is contrary to the effects of acid rain. Additionally, acid rain does not reduce pollution levels; instead, it is a result of pollution itself, primarily from sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides released into the atmosphere. Thus, the correct answer highlights a critical and harmful consequence of acid rain on