What adverse health effect does exposure to oxides of nitrogen cause?

Exposure to oxides of nitrogen can lead to significant health issues, particularly respiratory problems. Nitrogen oxides, including nitrogen dioxide (NO2), play a role in air pollution and are known to aggravate respiratory diseases such as asthma and bronchitis. These compounds can irritate the lungs and are associated with increased respiratory symptoms and decreased lung function, especially in sensitive groups like children and individuals with existing respiratory conditions.

In addition to respiratory issues, oxides of nitrogen are also precursors to the formation of ground-level ozone and particulate matter, which further contribute to respiratory problems. Furthermore, nitrogen oxides can lead to the formation of acid rain, which has detrimental effects on the environment, contributing to the corrosion of infrastructure and harm to ecosystems.

The other options do not accurately reflect the impact of oxides of nitrogen. They do not improve immune response or brain function; rather, they are harmful to health and the environment.