What is defined as a homogeneous mixture of substances, typically with a solute and solvent?

A homogeneous mixture of substances is defined as a solution. In a solution, one substance (the solute) is uniformly dissolved in another substance (the solvent). This uniformity means that the composition is consistent throughout, and individual particles of solute are not visible.

For example, when table salt (the solute) is dissolved in water (the solvent), it creates a clear and uniform solution where the salt is evenly distributed at a molecular level.

Emulsions and colloids do not match this definition, as they consist of two or more phases or have particles that are not completely dissolved. Emulsions, such as oil and vinegar, are mixtures of liquids that typically do not mix and require an emulsifying agent. Colloids have larger particles than those in solutions, which can scatter light and often result in a milky appearance, but they also do not settle out of the mixture. Suspensions consist of larger, visible particles that may eventually settle out when left undisturbed, distinguishing them from the uniform nature of solutions.

Therefore, the term that most accurately captures the concept of a homogeneous mixture of a solute and solvent is a solution.