What occurs during the process of electrolysis?

During the process of electrolysis, an electric current is passed through a compound, which leads to its decomposition. This chemical reaction occurs typically in an electrolytic cell that contains an electrolyte, a substance that conducts electricity when dissolved in water or molten.

Electrolysis involves two electrodes: the anode and the cathode. At the anode, oxidation occurs, while at the cathode, reduction takes place. This process is fundamental in various applications such as electroplating, water splitting to generate hydrogen and oxygen, and the extraction of metals from their ores. The passing of current facilitates the breaking of chemical bonds in the compound, resulting in the formation of simpler substances or elements.