Why are catalysts not consumed in a reaction?

Catalysts are not consumed in a reaction because they provide an alternative pathway with lower activation energy for the reaction to occur. This means that a catalyst facilitates the reaction without being permanently altered or used up in the process.

By lowering the activation energy, a catalyst increases the rate of reaction, allowing the reactants to convert to products more efficiently. Once the reaction is complete, the catalyst remains chemically unchanged and can continue to catalyze further reactions. This distinguishes them from other substances involved in chemical reactions, which may be altered or consumed during the process.

When considering other choices, individuals might note that catalysts can operate under various temperature conditions, do not form new substances like some reactants, and do not undergo permanent changes. Hence, while other options touch on aspects related to catalysts, they do not explain the primary reason for their ability to be reused in multiple reactions.